那個藥裡邊又有十八反，十九畏。十八種藥是相反的，用藥的時候不可以一起用。如果要是在同時用這十八種相反的藥就可以把人毒死。人就有生命的危險。所以是十八反。
Within materia medica, there are 18 incompatibilities and 19 antagonisms. Eighteen kinds of medical substances are incompatible, and when making medicine, they cannot be used together. If these 18 kinds of incompatible substances are used together at the same time, the person might be poisoned to death. There will be danger to the person’s life. This is the 18th incompatibility.
十九畏，十九種是互相怕的。怕見面，怕他們這十九種藥如果遇到一起。就會鬥爭的。就會Fighting，戰爭，那麼這樣子，人就受不了。所以呀，這個今天啊，我看講這個《藥性賦》，今天是來不及講了。先講這個第四篇，《十八反》。
The 19 antagonisms are 19 kinds of substances mutually afraid of each other. They are afraid to meet each other. Afraid that if these 19 kinds of substances were to meet each other, they would start to struggle, start fighting, start a war, and in this way, the person would not be able to withstand it. So today, I will not make it in time to talk about this Song of Herbal Characteristics. I will first talk about the 4th page, the Eighteen Incompatibles.
這十八種的藥不能在一起來用。不是說是十八種在一起用，是其中的幾種不可以在一起來用。計算起來共有十八。如果做醫生的不懂這十八反的藥性，這個一定會給人治病就會把人治死的。所謂誤醫保險，恐怕沒有人保這種險。這個十八反，就是第四篇，這個第一段，十八反。歌，就是這個十八反的一個歌訣。就那麼念啊，人不容易記，所以把它編成七個字一句，七個字一句，那麼人容易記。
These eighteen medical substances cannot be used together. This does not refer to using all eighteen substances together. It refers to a few substances that are not to be used together. In total, there are eighteen. The eighteen incompatibles, if anyone were to be a doctor and not know the medical characteristics of these eighteen incompatibles, then indefinitely he may treat a person’s illness to that person’s death.
Regarding malpractice insurance, I am afraid no one provides this kind of insurance. The eighteen incompatibles are on page four, the first paragraph. The word “song” refers to these eighteen incompatibles being sung as a song. Just by reading, it is not easy for people to memorize. So they are written into seven words a sentence, seven words a sentence, and then it is easy for people to memorize.
這說的「本草名言十八反」。本草就是在藥書上有一本藥的圖案。所有的藥都有一個圖，這個藥啊是長的什麼樣子，它有什麼功能，可以治什麼病。本草備案上都有的。
Here it says, “The Materia Medica speaks of Eighteen Incompatibles.” Materia Medica refers to a map of medical substances amongst the medicine books. Every medical substance has a map—what does it look like? What properties does it have? What kinds of illnesses can it treat? The map in the Materia Medica has all of this.
中國的藥材說起來，一般人認為神化，其實不是的。這是神農皇帝那時候啊，因為看見人有病，他就想給人治病，治病怎麼樣治呢？他就想，啊！天地間啊，這個人和一切的草啊 都會有一種關系的，或者人有什麼病，這個草就能治啊，所以他神農皇帝，他是做皇帝的。他為老百姓的痛苦啊，疾病痛苦啊，他自己就嘗百草。他非常的聰明， 又啊有這個五眼，他五眼怎麼，有的人說是神農皇帝那個肚子是玻璃的。是玻璃呀吃下去什麼東西，人能看的見，不是的，他的肚子和俺們的肚皮是一樣的，也是肉呀皮呀血呀在裡邊，不過他有五眼，他自己能看得見，吃下去這個藥到肚裡頭有什麼變化，這個藥是有毒是沒有毒。是屬於寒是熱是溫是平，他能看得見的，他用他自己的肚子做這個實驗所。不用拿到另外的地方去實驗。不是說像那個果隨﹝音﹞問，菜裡頭有沒有牛奶。果玉就說要拿到化驗所去化驗去。不需要那麼樣子，他的肚子裡頭就是化驗所。那麼他吃了什麼藥，就看自己的肚裡頭有什麼樣反應，什麼樣的感覺，他自己會看的見的。所以由這個呢，他就知道哪一種病需要哪一種草藥來治。
When we talk about the medical ingredients of China, some people may think that it is all myths, but it is not. It was during the time of Emperor Shen Nong that he saw that humans have illnesses, and he wanted to treat their illnesses, but he wondered how these sicknesses could be treated. And he thought, Ah! Between the heavens and the earth, humans and plants are bound to have some connection. Perhaps when people have certain illnesses, the plants may be able to treat them! So Emperor Shen Nong, being an emperor, decided to endure sickness and suffering in the place of the citizens’ suffering – he went to try hundreds of plants by himself. He is knowledgeable and even has the Five Eyes. What about his Five Eyes? Some people say that Emperor Shen Nong’s stomach is made of glass. Being made of glass, people can see whatever he eats. That is not the case. His stomach is just like our stomachs. It also contains flesh, skin, and blood. However, he has the Five Eyes. He is able to observe what changes the substance undergoes after being swallowed into his stomach and whether this substance has poison or not. He used his own stomach as a laboratory. He does not have to go to another location for experiments. It is unlike Guo Sui asking, “Is there milk in the food?” And Guo Yu will say we must take it to the laboratory for tests. There is no need for that. The inside of his stomach is a laboratory. So, whatever substance he eats, he will look into his stomach to see what responses or feelings he gets. He is able to see it by himself. So from this, he knows which sickness requires which medical substance to treat.